ISSN 0975-3583
 

Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research



    Clinical spectrum and associated comorbidities in Tuberculosis patients: A Hospital-based study in Odisha, India


    Deshish Kumar Panda, Dr.Kamalakanta Pradhan, Dr Saroj Kumar Barma, Dr. Kedar Nath Nayak
    JCDR. 2023: 3286-3295

    Abstract

    Tuberculosis (TB) is a common infectious disease frequently associated with comorbidities. However, data on tuberculosis and comorbidities from northeast India are scarce. The study's goal is to look at the clinical spectrum of tuberculosis and the number of comorbidities in TB patients. Methods The present study was a prospective hospital-based observational study of all TB patients selected by consecutive sampling. The data was collected for socio-demographic characteristics and clinical data. The data were analyzed using statistical software SPSS v. 17.0, and a p-value of 0.05 was considered significant. Results The mean age of the 223 patients was 41.0517.04 years, with a male: female ratio of 4.18:1. Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) was found in 43.49 percent of patients, extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in 52.01 percent, and disseminated TB in 4.48 percent. The most common symptomatic presentation was Fever (61.43%), followed by cough (54.26%) and breathlessness (32.73%). Of the 97 patients with PTB and ten with disseminated TB, making a total of 107 patients, 56 (67.4%) were Sputum positive. Pleural effusion (53.44 percent) was the most common type of EPTB among 116 patients, followed by central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis (26.72 percent) and abdominal tuberculosis (8.62 percent ). Diabetes mellitus (26.45 percent) and hypertension (17.48 percent) were the most common comorbidities, affecting 53.36 percent of the patients. PTB had significantly more comorbid conditions than EPTB (66 of 107 vs. 53 of 116, p<0.05). PTB had significantly higher mean glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) than EPTB (8.71± 2.05 vs. 7.57 ± 0.28, p0.05). Conclusion Comorbidities, particularly diabetes, were present in half of the patients, with PTB patients having significantly worse glycemic control than EPTB patients.

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    Volume & Issue

    Volume 14 Issue 1

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