Abstract

Diabetes is known to increase the risk of stroke and worsen the clinical outcome in stroke patients. However, the exact mechanism by which diabetes induces stroke is unclear till date. Present study was aimed to study association of type 2 diabetes with severity and functional outcome of acute ischemic stroke at a tertiary care hospital. Material and Methods: Present study was single-center, prospective, observational study, conducted in patients of age >30 years, either gender, admitted with acute ischemic stroke, based on clinical findings of sudden onset of clinical symptoms of stroke, presence of focal/global neurological deficits or presence of an acute infarct as confirmed by either CT or MRI brain. Results: In present study, among 138 cases satisfying study criteria, majority were from 46-60 years age group (44.93 %), followed by from 61-75 years age group (36.96 %) and mean age was 69.45 ± 12.91 years. Males (54.35 %) outnumbered females (45.65 %). Patients were further divided into those with diabetes (n=45) and non-diabetic patients (n=93). Body weight (overweight/obese), family history of cardiovascular disease and chronic heart failure were common in diabetic patients as compared to non-diabetic patients and difference was statistically significant. Laboratory parameters such as HDL, TG, FBS, HbA1c and Uric acid were deranged in diabetic patients as compared to non-diabetic patients and difference was statistically significant. On admission, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score at admission in diabetic patients (9.1 ± 7.8) was more as compared to non-diabetic patients (8.3 ± 7.2) and difference was statistically significant. Diabetic patients had more adverse outcome (53.33 % vs 20.43 %) and more inhospital mortality (22.22 % vs 11.83 %) and difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes does not appear to affect ischemic stroke severity but is associated with a worse functional outcome at discharge.

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