Abstract

Stress testing is a simple, reliable and excellent non-invasive method for diagnosing coronary artery disease in asymptomatic patient and predicting future coronary events, particularly in patient with coronary risk factors. Present study was aimed to study risk stratification of coronary artery disease in high-risk patients by Treadmill stress test. Material and Methods: Present study was single-center, Cross sectional, observational study, conducted in patients of 30-70 years of age with, asymptomatic with increased risk of developing ischemic heart disease (hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, smoking, hyperlipidemia, obesity, Type A personality and sedentary lifestyle). Treadmill was performed according to ‘Bruce’ protocol. Results: Among 200 patients, 138 (69%) were male and 62 (31%) were females. Out of 138 Male patients 39 (79.5%) showed positive treadmill test and of 62 female patient 10(20.4%) showed positive treadmill test. Out of 49 positive treadmill tests, 27 patients (55.1%) were above the age group 50 years and 22 were below 50 years. Majority patients having diabetes mellitus as a sole risk factor (38.7%) showed positive treadmill test results followed by hypertensive patients (33.3%). In between hypertension and diabetes, as per chi square test p value was 0.8414 (>0.05) which was not significant. 17 (8.5%) patients had Exercise induced Hypotension during test. 17 (8.5 %) had noted Chronotropic incompetence. 168 (84%) case were had MHR achieved in stage III, 29 (14.5%) were achieved MHR in stage II and remaining 3 (1.5%) were had achieved MHR in stage I (high risk to develop coronary artery disease). Common reasons to terminate tread mill exercise test were chest pain (27.5 %) followed by dyspnea (24 %), dizziness (15.5 %) & fatigue (14.5 %). Most of patients achieved MET SCORE > 7 (70.5%) & 27 (13.5%) were achieved MET SCORE between 6.1 to 7. Conclusion: Treadmill stress test is the only noninvasive, reliable and cost-effective tool for diagnosis and better prognosis of coronary artery disease.

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