Abstract

ARDS is caused by diffuse lung injury from many underlying medical and surgical disorders. The lung injury may be direct, as occurs in toxic inhalation, or indirect, as occurs in Sepsis. Common risk factors for ARDS are pneumonia, Sepsis, gastric content, aspiration, trauma, pancreatitis, inhalation injury, burns, non-cardiogenic shock, drug overdose, acute lung injury following massive transfusion (TRALI), drowning Approximately 10%- 15% of all intensive care unit (ICU) admissions involve patients with ARDS.An understanding of basic clinical epidemiology of the disease, its incidence aetiology, diagnosis, Mortality and outcome is essential to caring for patients with the disease and for designing studies to potentiate essential therapies. Various clinical studies have been done to know the aetiology and Factors affecting the outcome and treatment strategy. Yet the only. proven therapy to consistently reduce Mortality is a protective Ventilation strategy with low tidal volume and prone ventilation. Despite this ,the present mortality estimates range from 26 % to 58%. Mortality in tropical countries is incredibly high.

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