Abstract

The incidence of CAD is likely to increase further because of rapid urbanization and its accompanying lifestyle changes, as well as an increase in the prevalence of DM, So, the present study was conducted with an aim to make comparison of coronary artery disease risk factors in rural patients and urban patients. Methods: This Cross-Sectional Clinical Study was conducted among 124 patients with coronary artery disease attending the medicine and cardiology OPD and had admitted in medicine ICCU and wards in medical college and hospital during October 2014 to October 2015. Patient found suitable for the study were subjected for clinical, haematological, ECG and ECHO investigations. The data were entered in Microsoft Excel sheet. The data was analysed using SPSS package and appropriate tests like chi-square, ‘t’-test and ANOVA were applied. Results: Out of 124 patients,44.4% (55/124) were from rural area and 55.6% (69/124) were from urban area. In our study, both in rural and urban subjects, chest pain (94.5% and 97.1% respectively) was predominant symptom. In rural subjects only smoking risk factor was statistically significant among CAD patients (p=0.006). HDL levels were significantly (p=0.028) decreased in rural subjects (36.7±9.2 mg/dL) as compared to urban subjects (39.9±6.9 mg/dL) Conclusion: Conventional risk factors such as smoking, low HDL levels and abdominal obesity play a major role in the causation of premature coronary artery disease among the rural. Lack of awareness, combined with urbanization of rural lifestyle could be responsible for increasing incidence of premature coronary artery disease in them.

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