Abstract

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a global health concern associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, particularly linked to diabetes and hypertension. Detecting CKD in its asymptomatic early stages poses a significant challenge, potentially leading to costly interventions like Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT). The perceived low risk of kidney disease in the general population further hinders prevention and early intervention efforts. Understanding individual CKD risk perception is crucial for proactive risk management.

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