Abstract

Nanotechnology is a fast emerging field with several biomedical research applications as a result of recent breakthroughs. Silver has also gained popularity as a disinfectant and antibacterial agent with little negative effects. Silver nanoparticles have a wide range of antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties. Silver nanoparticles can penetrate the walls of bacterial cells, changing the structure of cell membranes and perhaps leading to cell death. Their small size (nanoscale) and high surface area to volume ratio both contribute to their effectiveness. They can form reactive oxygen species by releasing silver ions, which can increase the permeability of cell membranes and prevent the replication of deoxyribonucleic acid. The use of silver nanoparticles as antibacterial agents in dentistry has been studied by researchers. For example, silver nanoparticles can be added to composite resin for restorative treatment, acrylic resin for fabrication of removable dentures in prosthetic treatment, irrigating solution and obscuration material for endodontic treatment, adhesive materials for orthodontic treatment, membrane for guided tissue regeneration in periodontal treatment, and titanium coating for dental implant treatment. No systemic toxicity of ingested silver nanoparticles has been reported, despite the fact that not all authorities have recognized their safety. Their potential danger if discharged into the environment is a major worry. However, the toxicity of nanoparticles can change depending on how they interact with harmful substances and chemical molecules. The antibacterial mechanism, possible uses, and review of silver nanoparticles' antibacterial use in dentistry are highlighted in this research.

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