Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a worldwide metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, which results from insufficient insulin secretion and/or insulin resistance in target tissues or both . Chronic hyperglycemia leads to macrovascular and microvascular complications in various organs such as heart , brain , kidney , eyes etc. It not only disturbs the normal functioning of vital organs but also impairs calcium metabolism by disrupting the functions of calcium regulating organs namely intestine , bone and kidney. Calcium is an important element for several biological processes, such as cell division and growth, blood coagulation, cardiovascular homeostasis, hormone responses, neural electrical activity, and bone formation. The present article thus focuses on the underlying mechanisms of the negative effects of DM on calcium homeostasis as well as their long-term consequences.

Description

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