Abstract

To use a variety of cytological staining techniques to examine the cytomorphologic aspects of thyroid lesions. Single thyroid nodules and multinodular goiters are both equally common outside of cancer hotspots, and both have about the same risk of becoming malignant. Methods: This is a prospective experimental study carried out at Department of Pathology, Teritary Care Hospital, Bangalore, India, over the period of February 2022 to February 2023. 70 cases with adequate aspirates were considered for this study. Results: The cytomorphological features of individual thyroid lesions are analyzed in this study using H&E, Pap and Wright Giemsa stains. Many cytology facilities use these three stains routinely. 22 cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 4 cases of lymphocytic thyroiditis, 25 cases of Nodular colloid goitre, 9 cases of Nodular colloid goitre with cystic change, 5 cases of follicular neoplasm, 1 case of suspicious of papillary carcinoma of thyroid, 4 cases of papillary carcinoma of thyroid patients were surveyed for this study. Pap stained smears make follicular cells, which have powdered chromatin and tiny nucleoli, easy to see. Wright Giemsa stained thyroid tissue smears exhibited follicular cells with enlarged nuclei, uneven nuclear outlines, small granular chromatin and dilated cytoplasms. Cell nuclei had cytoplasmic inclusions. Conclusion: Thyroid lesion diagnosis is greatly aided, in our opinion, by the use of a wide range of fixation and staining methods. Hence, if enough tissue is available, fine aspiration cytology of thyroid lesions can use a variety of cytological staining techniques to limit false positive and false negative results.

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