Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) presents notable health risks to both mothers and infants, primarily attributed to insulin resistance associated with oxidative stress resulting from excessive iron levels. This study aimed to compare the levels of hemoglobin and packed cell volume (PCV) between pregnant women with and without GDM, as these indicators reflect the body's iron status. By examining the relationship between hemoglobin, PCV, and GDM, this research seeks to enhance the understanding of this condition during pregnancy, leading to improved management and preventive strategies. Materials & methods: A case-control study at an Indian tertiary care center included 95 cases (GDM-diagnosed pregnant women) and 105 controls (non-GDM pregnant women). Hemoglobin and PCV levels were measured using venepuncture and automated analysis. Data collection involved a validated questionnaire, and iron supplementation was provided to all participants. Chi-square analysis was used to evaluate the association between elevated hemoglobin and PCV levels and GDM risk (p ≤ 0.05). Results: A significant difference in hemoglobin levels was observed between the cases and controls, highlighting a notable distinction. Furthermore, the cases demonstrated significantly higher PCV values compared to the controls. Conclusion: The research study revealed a statistically significant correlation between elevated maternal hemoglobin levels and PCV with GDM.

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