Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic, as the inaugural pandemic in the Post Genomic era, has greatly benefited from the advancements in Genomics, leading to enhanced scientific comprehension and improved public health measures. This study focuses on the Whole Genome Sequencing of 894 Covid positive samples collected from various districts of Andhra Pradesh. The sequencing was conducted at the Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Siddhartha Medical College Vijayawada, an INSACOG laboratory. Methods: Retrospective observational study carried out at CCMB LAB, INSACOG, Siddhartha Medical College, Vijayawada from January 2023 to August 2023. This study focuses on the analysis of Covid-19 positive samples collected from various districts in Andhra Pradesh, India. The samples were processed using RNA extraction and whole genome sequencing techniques, specifically utilizing Minon MK1C. The obtained genomic data was then analyzed using software tools such as Next Clade and Pangolin to identify any Variants of Concern (VOC). This paper presents the findings of a study that were shared with IHIP, IBDC and GISAID portals, as well as communicated to INSACOG. Results: A total of 894 samples, confirmed positive for Covid-19, originating from various districts in Andhra Pradesh, were forwarded to the Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), SMC LAB for Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) analysis. A comparative analysis was conducted on a cohort of Omicron mutants, comprising the total sample size. The present study reports the identification of several mutants, predominantly XBB.1.16 and XBB.2, along with their respective subvariants. Additionally, a smaller number of BA.2 and BA.5 mutants were also identified. Conclusion: In conclusion, to effectively combat any pandemic, it is imperative to employ a daily determination of variant of concern (VOC) through whole genome sequencing (WGS) analysis. This approach should be applied to all samples testing positive for Covid-19 across all districts within the state. By implementing this comprehensive strategy, we can enhance our ability to monitor and mitigate the spread of emerging viral variants, thereby safeguarding public health. In conclusion, implementing measures to restrict the spread of the VOC variant and prioritizing public health through the limitation of transportation to affected areas will greatly assist the government in effectively managing the situation

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