Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the frequency of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and identify the associated risk factors among expectant mothers attending a prenatal clinic at a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted, involving expectant mothers in their second trimester. Participants were screened for GDM using the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) by the American Diabetes Association guidelines. Data on demographic characteristics, medical history, and potential risk factors were collected. Statistical analyses are conducted to identify independent risk factors for GDM. Results: Out of 100 participants, 50 (50%) were diagnosed with GDM. Significant risk factors included obesity, advanced maternal age, a family history of diabetes, and a previous history of GDM. Statistical analysis highlighted a notable difference in GDM prevalence among different demographics, emphasizing the impact of specific risk factors. Conclusions: The prevalence of GDM in this study highlights the importance of timely screening and identification of high-risk individuals. The relationship between GDM and both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors underscores the need for targeted interventions to mitigate these risks. Future research should focus on developing and testing intervention strategies to reduce the incidence and impact of GDM. This study contributes valuable insights into the epidemiology of GDM in a tertiary care setting, supporting the development of tailored management strategies for expectant mothers.

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