Abstract

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) frequently coexist, leading to exacerbated clinical challenges. The impact of glycemic control on COPD outcomes in patients with T2DM remains a topic of debate, necessitating prospective investigation. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted involving 120 adults with diagnosed COPD and T2DM. Participants were categorized based on glycemic control status (good vs. poor) determined by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. Outcomes included COPD exacerbations, lung function changes (FEV1 and FVC), quality of life (SGRQ scores), all-cause and COPD-related hospitalizations, and mortality. Results: Poor glycemic control significantly increased the risk of COPD exacerbations (HR 1.45, 95% CI: 1.12 - 1.88) and was associated with inferior lung function improvements (FEV1 p < 0.001, FVC p = 0.003). Participants with good glycemic control exhibited superior baseline and follow-up quality of life (SGRQ scores, p < 0.001 and p = 0.012, respectively). Although differences in hospitalizations and mortality were not statistically significant, trends suggested clinical relevance. Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of glycemic control in managing COPD in patients with T2DM. Optimal glycemic control is associated with reduced exacerbations, enhanced lung function, and improved quality of life. Integrated care strategies considering both conditions are essential for better patient outcomes.

Description