Abstract

Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is a vision-threatening condition affecting premature infants. Understanding its incidence and associated factors is essential for effective management. Material and Methodology: Study Design: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital. Participants: Preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Data Collection: Demographic and clinical data, including gestational age, birth weight, oxygen therapy duration, and maternal factors, were collected. ROP Assessment: ROP was assessed by ophthalmologists following standard protocols. Results: The incidence of ROP was determined among preterm infants. Associations between gestational age and ROP were analyzed. The relationship between birth weight and ROP incidence was examined. The duration of oxygen therapy and its impact on ROP were investigated. Maternal factors such as prenatal care and maternal health were assessed for their influence on ROP. Conclusion: the incidence of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) was 34.17%. Highly significant correlations were found between ROP and factors such as prematurity, low birth weight, supplemental oxygen, RDS, and maternal Dexamethasone use. However, numerous other potential ROP-related factors, including cyanosis, apnea, and maternal hypertension, did not exhibit significant correlations in our analysis

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