Abstract

Diabetic ketoacidosis is one of the most common causes of hospitalisation in children with Type I DM and the leading cause of Mortality among them. Due to limited literature and higher morbidity, this study aimed to analyse prognostic factors associated with DKA. The objective was to study the Factors determining outcomes in children presenting with Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Central India. Methods: Thirty-nine children aged between 1 month to 12 years presenting with Diabetic Ketoacidosis were enrolled in this Study. Sociodemographic Profile, Clinical Features, Laboratory Parameters and Outcomes were recorded using a pre-tested proforma. Data was evaluated using the SPSS-PC-25 version. Results: Poor outcome was recorded as death. A total of 7 deaths occurred out of 39 cases. Six (85.7%) out of 7 deaths occurred in patients residing in rural areas. Children aged < 2 years accounted for a total of 42.8% of deaths. Undernutrition was observed in 6 deaths (85.7%). GCS<8 was noted in 6 deaths (85.7%). Laboratory analysis showed that 6 (85.7%) out of 7 deaths had severe acidosis (pH<7.1) at admission. Conclusion: Poor availability and accessibility of health facilities in rural areas leads to delayed diagnosis and treatment of type I Diabetes Mellitus and its complications. Nutrition is an important modifiable prognostic factor in the outcome of DKA. Cerebral oedema, shock and sepsis are more frequently associated with mortality in children with DKA

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