Abstract

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a common manifestation of atherosclerosis and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a simple and non-invasive test used to diagnose PAD. However, the prevalence of PAD in patients with established cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the association between PAD and clinical factors in this population is not well understood. Material and methodology: A total of 250 patients with established CVD were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The patients underwent ABI measurement and were evaluated for medical history and physical examination. The prevalence of PAD was determined based on ABI measurements (≤0.90). Results: The overall prevalence of PAD in this patient population was 20%. Older age, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia were all significantly associated with PAD. Patients with PAD had a higher risk of cardiovascular events compared to those without PAD. Conclusion: PAD is common in patients with established CVD, and ABI measurement is a useful tool for identifying PAD in this population. The presence of PAD is also an important prognostic factor for future cardiovascular events. Therefore, clinicians should consider ABI measurement in patients with established CVD to identify PAD and initiate appropriate treatment to reduce the risk of future cardiovascular events.

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