Abstract

Hyponatremia is a frequent electrolyte disturbance, but its prevalence among patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains under-investigated. This study sought to determine the prevalence of hyponatremia in the specific population of type 2 diabetes mellitus with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on a sample of 400 patients who attended nephrology and endocrinology OPD between January 2022 and December 2022. Inclusion criteria were patients diagnosed with both type 2 diabetes mellitus and (DKD). Patients were categorized based on their serum sodium levels into hyponatremic (<135 mEq/L) and normo-natremic groups. Associated variables such as plasma glucose level, HbA1c, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and medication use were also examined. Results: Of the 400 patients analyzed, 100 (25%) presented with hyponatremia. A significant association was noted between declining eGFR and increased prevalence of hyponatremia (p<0.05). Patients with uncontrolled diabetes (HbA1c >8%) also showed a heightened tendency for hyponatremia compared to their counterparts. Conclusions: A quarter of the patients with coexisting diabetes and (DKD) were found to have hyponatremia. Factors such as deteriorating renal function and poor diabetes control might play a pivotal role. Recognizing and managing hyponatremia in this cohort is essential for clinicians to ensure optimal care. Keywords: Hyponatremia, Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD), Diabetes.

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