Abstract

Introduction: This study investigates the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of perianal fistulae, focusing on the preoperative MRI's clinical value and its implications for surgical planning. Materials and methods: The descriptive cross-sectional analysis included 50 patients, selected via convenience sampling, regardless of age or sex. Data collection utilized a structured proforma to capture socio-demographic details, clinical diagnosis, and MRI findings, including characteristics such as external and internal openings, track length, presence of abscesses, and classification based on St. James University Hospital grading. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results: The participant's mean age was 45±12.9 years, ranging from 22 to 67 years, predominantly male (80%). MRI evaluations revealed 84% with a single external opening and 70% with a single internal opening. A minority displayed complex features, such as horseshoe ramifications (2%) or multiple secondary tracts (14%). Notably, 62% had no abscesses. According to the St. James University Hospital classification, 36% were classified as type 1 and 18% as type 2. Most internal and external openings were found at the 6 o'clock position (24%), with minimal supralevator extension detected (96%). Conclusion: MRI is invaluable for the comprehensive evaluation of perianal fistulae, offering detailed insights into the infection's extent and the fistula-anal sphincter complex relationship. This facilitates optimal surgical planning, reducing the risk of recurrence and promoting better patient outcomes.

Description