Abstract

Background This study was conducted to identify, assess, and compare the CT staging of gastric cancer with the histological staging. Methods This was a hospital-based descriptive and analytical study conducted among 50 patients who presented with signs and symptoms of gastric cancer to the Department of Radiology, Krishna Rajendra Hospital, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute over a period of 18 months from June 2021 to November 2022 after obtaining clearance from the institutional ethics committee and written informed consent from the study participants. Results In our investigation, the T2/T3 stage (46%), the T4b stage (32%), and the T4a stage (16%) were the most frequently observed stages on MDCT (Multi-Detector Computed Tomography). According to TNM staging, lymph node staging was carried out; the maximum N2 stage was observed in 17 patients (34%) and the maximum N3 stage in 15 patients (30%). Of the 50 patients in our study, 6 individuals (12%) had signs of distant metastasis (M1), with the liver and peritoneum accounting for 50% of these cases. A maximum of 23 individuals (46%) were classified as group II patients. Conclusion The main purpose of a CT scan is to rule out a distant or incurable metastatic illness. While MDCT is very sensitive in identifying nodes and distant metastases, it is not able to accurately distinguish between T2 and T3 neoplasms because it cannot reliably define the separate wall layers. Despite its drawbacks, CT is now the most commonly used modality for preoperative staging as well as for the first staging of newly diagnosed patients. Thus, the care of these patients will benefit from the investigation and detection of numerous CT abnormalities to aid in the diagnosis and preoperative staging of stomach carcinoma.

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