Abstract

A side effect of advanced chronic kidney failure is hyperphosphatemia(CKD). An important risk factor for vascular calcification, an advanced type of atherosclerosis, is an elevated serum phosphate concentration. The increased vascular stiffness brought on by the medial deposition of calcium and phosphorus also contributes to the high incidence of hypertension. In individuals with CKD, carotid ultrasound imaging is a helpful adjunct for measuring arterial wall thickness. Goal: To evaluate the relationship between carotid intimal-medial thickness and blood phosphate with CKD. Materials and Methods: The Department of Medicine and the Department of Radiology and Imaging both participated in this research. In this research, all CKD patients with stage III to stage V between the ages of 30 and 60 who visited the outpatient and inpatient departments were included. Patients were diagnosed using their medical history, physical exams, and pertinent tests. Using the Revised Schwartz method, the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was determined from serum creatinine. Every participant experienced carotid intimal-medial thickness (CIMT) measurement using a 7.5MHz transducer and B mode ultrasonography (Philips, Affiniti 30; USA). Results: 50 individuals in total were examined. (35 male, 15 female). The progression of the illness was accompanied by a marked rise in the mean phosphorous level. The mean CIMT rises along with the progression of CKD. As the stage of CKD increases the mean CIMT also increases. mCIMT in Stage III was 0.40±0.02mm and that of Stage IV, Stage V(ND) and VD were 0.45±0.05mm, 0.60±0.08mm, and 0.55±0.06mm respectively.In addition to other independent risk variables, such as serum calcium and serum PTH, serum phosphate was also a significant (p=0.0001) independent risk factor for increased CIMT. Conclusion: Greater CIMT with advanced CKD was significantly and independently correlated with higher serum phosphate levels.

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