Abstract

Neonatal thrombocytopenia (platelet count less than 150×109 /L) is one of the commonest haematological abnormality encountered in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Though thrombocytopenia is so prevalent it is often overlooked assuming that it will resolve spontaneously. However, if it is not detected and managed properly can result in devastating complications. The present study highlights the pattern, prevalence, severity and possible causes of neonatal thrombocytopenia encountered in our hospital. Method: A prospective observational study was conducted on sick neonates admitted to NICU with different clinical problems and were evaluated for pattern and severity of thrombocytopenia as per the blood samples analysed. Results: Out of 426 consecutive neonates admitted to NICU, 276 developed thrombocytopenia with a high prevalence of 65.1 %. 38.7% had early onset and 61.3% had late onset thrombocytopenia. The most common cause of neonatal thrombocytopenia was prematurity (36.9%) followed by neonatal sepsis (26.1%). Mild and moderate thrombocytopenia was found in 22.5% and 27.8 % of the neonates, while severe was more common accounting for 49.7% of cases. Conclusion: Neonatal thrombocytopenia is common in NICU and it could be used as a prognostic marker for multiple diseases. As its clinical course and outcome depend on etiology, an appropriate diagnostic workup is essential for early diagnosis and better management

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