Abstract

Background: Surfactant therapy now a days become the primary modality of treatment in Preterm neonates with respiratory distress mainly Respiratory Distress Syndrome(RDS). In Extremely low birth weight babies such as birth weight < 1000g, incidence of RDS as a significant cause of mortality and morbidity remains high. Present study was aimed to assess the immediate outcome of surfactant therapy in preterm neonates with RDS. Material and Methods: Present study was a single-center, prospective, observational study, conducted in preterm neonates less than 34 weeks gestation (estimated from mother’s 1st trimester ultrasound report or based on Ballard’s score if ultrasound report not available) diagnosed with RDS, required mechanical ventilation were treated with surfactant therapy. Results: In our study we included a total of 122 preterm neonates, 94 were males and 28 were females. Common clinical features were tachypnea (99.2%), chest indrawing (99.2%), grunting (97.5 %), apnea (37.7 %) & cyanosis (35.2 %). Mean respiratory rate before surfactant therapy was 82.9 ± 5.5, but it was drastically improved after surfactant administration which was 50.6 ± 10.3. Same pattern observed with SPO2 which showed 83.5 ± 2.6 before and after was 94.4 ± 2.1 and heart rate was 146.8 ± 8.7 before and after was 126.7 ± 8.3. Mean Silverman Anderson Score (SAS) in case of preterm neonate was 6.7 ± 0.7 before and 2 ± 1.2 after surfactant therapy. In our study of 122 neonates in which surfactant has been administered 78 were discharged (63.9 %) while 34.4 % (42) were expired. 2 patients were LAMA. Conclusion: Surfactant therapy significantly improved survival in Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) as indicated by significant improvement in vital parameters as well as Silverman Anderson Score.

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