Abstract

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinicoradiological characteristics of pediatric TB and its potential treatment implications. Material and methods: As this study is done in the Department of Radiodiagnosis Varun Arjun Medical College & Rohilkhand Hospital, Banthra Shahjahanpur UP.India from December 2021 to November 2022. This research comprised a total of one hundred children, ranging in age from birth to five years old, all of whom had a possible TB diagnosis. All of the children were given tests in the laboratory, such as hemoglobin, TLC, DLC, ESR, a tuberculin test with 0.1 ml of 1 TU of PPD-RT 23 with Tween-80, a chest X-ray, and CSF. Except for patients who could not afford the treatment, those who were suspected of having tuberculosis of the central nervous system were given an examination, a gastric aspirate if necessary, a fine-needle aspirate cytology (FNAC) test if they had lymphadenopathy, and a CT scan. Typical histopathological appearance was used to confirm the diagnosis. Results: The majority of the patients (61%) are suffering from grade III or grade IV malnutrition. In addition, 53% of patients have a history of contact with tuberculosis, whereas 25% of patients have a history of measles. The h/o contact test is positive in all instances with lymph node TB and disseminated TB, however only 54% of patients with CNS TB have a positive h/o contact test. Just 56% of patients had a favorable contact history in total. Another major result that can be drawn from this table is the finding that BCG scar was absent in 54% of the youngsters. Just 44 percent of patients had a positive response to the tuberculosis antigen. Fever (94%) was the most common presenting symptom followed by anorexia in 65% cases. There were positive radiological results reported in 72% of the patients. The positive rate for intra-thoracic TB is 100%, but the positivity rate for CNS TB is 71.43%. A CT scan was performed on each of the fifty patients. Conclusion: Up to the point that RNTCP was implemented, TB in children was the most overlooked aspect of NTCP. From the beginning of the HIV epidemic, there has been a clear upward trend in the number of cases affecting children.

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