Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the progression of predictive variables that determine conversion to open cholecystectomy in patients who were having laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Material and methods: A preoperative ultrasound was performed on each and every patient. A comprehensive proforma was designed in order to record information on demographics, previous history, history of the current disease, physical findings, laboratory tests, and ultrasound results. Patients over the age of 18 who volunteered to have elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedures were considered for participation in the trial. For the purpose of the research, the following aspects were analysed: age, gender, the reason for laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), preoperative tests of liver function, the rate of conversion to open cholecystectomy, and the reason for conversion. Results: Throughout the course of the trial, a laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed on 220 different individuals. There were 132 females, which constitutes 60%, and 88 males, which constitutes 40%, with an average age of 45.85 years. A total of 20 people ended up converting, yielding a conversion rate of 9.09% overall. In all, there were 11 men (representing 55% of the group) and 9 girls (representing 45%). Since inflammatory alterations made it impossible to identify the anatomy accurately, conversion to laparotomy was done in 55% of patients who had frozen Calot's triangle. This was done because of the frozen Calot's triangle. Seven of these 11 individuals had a history of acute cholecystitis prior to their current condition. Because to the significant intra-abdominal adhesions that four patients presented with as a result of earlier abdominal procedures, they were converted. Two (10%) of the conversions occurred as a result of the existence of cholecystoduodenal or cholecystocolic fistula. One (5%) of the conversions occurred as a result of a damage to the CBD that was detected and corrected on the operating table. Patients who had had a preoperative ERCP experienced two (10%) of the conversions. Conclusion: The authors of the current research discovered that the existence of a history of acute cholecystitis, a gall bladder wall thickness of more than 5mm on preoperative ultrasonography, and being a male were independent predictor variables for converting a laparoscopic cholecystectomy to an open procedure.

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