Abstract

BACKGROUND: The most prevalent nosocomial infection that raises morbidity and mortality in patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) is ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). AIM: This study aims to identify the etiological factors and analyze their antibiogram which causes VAP in the ICU patients. MATERIAL & METHODS: This was a Prospective study carried out in the Department of Microbiology for a period of 1 year i.e, March 2023 to March 2024 at a tertiary care hospital, UP. Endotracheal aspirates were obtained from 176 patients who were admitted to medical intensive care unit (ICU). All the clinical suspected sample of VAP were sent to the department of microbiology. All the isolates were identified to species level and antimicrobial susceptibility test were performed using Kirby bauer disk diffusion method. Processing of samples were done using latest CLSI guidelines 2023. RESULTS: In the present study out of 176 suspected cases 39.2% were acquired VAP. Of which males and females were 59.4% and 40.5% respectively. Maximum number of cases belongs to the age group of 46-55(30.43%). There were 56(81.15%) were GNB and 18.84% were GPC. Among GNB, Acinetobacter baumanii was most predominant accounting for 44.64% followed Pseudomonas aeruginosa (25%). Among GPC, S.aureus was the most frequently isolated. Out of the 56 Gram negative isolates, 4 out of 8 E.coli and 2 out of 7 Klebseilla spp were ESBL producers. Among 25 Acinetobacter baumanii 17 were Carbapenem resistant. Out of the 11 isolates of S.aureus, 3 were MRSA and only one was observed to be MSSA. CONCLUSION: Understanding locally widespread organisms and the nature of susceptibility to antibiotics will assist to limit the formation of multidrug resistant strains in hospital setting and suggest the best empirical antibiotic therapy for VAP.

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