Abstract

As the primary materno-fetal unit, the placenta and umbilical cord (UC) provide fetal life support, welfare, and development by facilitating gas and nutrient exchange. The aim of the study was to study the variations of weight of the placenta, insertion, diameter, and spiral turns of the umbilical cord in GD pregnancy and to compare the same with the uncomplicated or normal pregnancy. Materials & Methods: This research makes use of an observational methodology. After obtaining permission from Institutional Ethics Committee studied at the Department of Anatomy at Indore Medical College & Hospital, Indore. There was a total of 220 human placentas used in this study; 110 were from healthy pregnancies serving as controls, and the remaining 110 were from pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia. The morphology of every sample was analyzed. Results: It was determined through statistical analysis that there was no statistically significant difference in diameter between the normal and GD groups (P = 0.39, which is greater than 0.05). Statistically the difference in average weight of placenta between normal and GD group was significant (P = 0.03 which is <0.05). Conclusion: Differences in appearance were observed between normal and GD placentas. Hypoperfusion, a condition associated with GD, appears to be the root cause of these alterations. Larger-scale studies using histological and morphometric techniques on placentas are required before any definitive conclusions can be drawn.

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