Abstract

Background: In a parallel context, the utility of immunohistochemistry (IHC) on cell block specimens in detecting the primary site of malignancy in malignant effusions remains paramount. Much like in the primary discussion, it serves as both an adjunct and a necessity, contingent upon various factors. As an adjunct, IHC on cell block complements other diagnostic modalities, corroborating suspected diagnoses derived from clinical history, imaging, or initial cytological analysis. It enhances diagnostic precision, especially when distinguishing between closely related tumor types or confirming metastatic spread. However, it assumes a critical role as a necessity when primary tumor identification proves elusive. In cases of poorly differentiated malignancies or when clinical presentation offers little guidance, IHC becomes indispensable for pinpointing the tissue origin. Its ability to discern specific molecular markers aids in tailoring treatment strategies and predicting therapeutic responses. Ultimately, the decision to employ IHC on cell block hinges on considerations such as diagnostic accuracy, treatment planning, and resource allocation.

Description